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Subject Area

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Article Type

Review

Abstract

Foamed concrete is defined as a type of concrete distinguished by its workability, low density, and insulating properties. It is used as building material. The objective of this review is to discuss the physical and mechanical characteristics and fire sensitivity of foamed concrete. Density influences the strength of concrete. The strength of concrete is between 2 and 3.5 MPa, which increased with the addition of gold mining waste, reaching approximately 35 MPa at optimal replacement levels.  There is a 60-70% reduction in strength for lightweight concrete with a density of 400-1200 kg/m³ compared to conventional concrete. The fire sensitivity of concrete is high. The temperature of 300-600°C is maintained for 30 minutes, resulting in a 20-50% reduction in strength due to the formation of microcracks and the expansion of pores. The addition of supplementary cementing materials and polymeric stabilizers reduces the strength by 10–15%. Understanding the fire sensitivity of concrete and the reduction in strength with density enhances the benefits of using foamed concrete. We present the characteristics of foamed concrete in a quantitative manner. This review systematically examines the performance of foamed concrete before and after fire exposure through a structured analysis of published studies collected from major scientific databases. The review evaluates mechanical, thermal, and microstructural properties, identifies the governing factors affecting fire resistance, and highlights current research gaps and future research needs.

 

Keywords

Foamed concrete- Fire resistance- Durability- Porosity

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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