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Corresponding Author

Zaki, M.

Subject Area

Production Engineering and Mechanical Design

Article Type

Original Study

Abstract

Engineering materials, in many forms have been implanted into the human body since the end of the eighteenth century. Implant surgery has developed to the extent that implants are now used in most branches of surgery and are becoming increasingly more sophisticated. Orthopaedic surgery uses more implants than any other branch of medicine. In the last decade, various joint replacements have been developed. However, many implants have failed in the past and even now there are occasional failures. Many of the failures are attributed to poorly chosen or badly used materials, high stress concentration leading to crack initiation and growth, loosening of the implant due to a poor fixation and/or a non-adequate adhesion between the implant/cement/bone interfaces. The present paper reviews the development in artificial implants during the last decade considering materials, analysis and manufacture processes.

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