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Subject Area

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Article Type

Review

Abstract

The cement and concrete industry significantly contribute to global environmental challenges, accounting for 8% of global carbon dioxide emissions and extensive resource depletion. Geopolymer concrete has emerged as a sustainable alternative, offering up to 80% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions compared to conventional concrete by utilizing industrial by-products such as fly ash and ground granulated blastfurnace slag. Additionally, over 130 million tons of glass are produced globally each year, with 79% discarded in landfills due to issues like color inconsistencies and compositional defects. Incorporating waste glass into geopolymer concrete addresses critical waste management issues while enhancing mechanical, durability, and microstructural properties. This review synthesizes advancements in geopolymer concrete modified with waste glass, focusing on fresh properties, mechanical properties, permeability resistance, sulfate resistance, fire resistance, and microstructural characteristics. Results demonstrate that finely ground waste glass promotes pozzolanic reactivity, matrix densification, and reduced porosity, leading to improved performance. However, variations in performance due to differing replacement levels and environmental conditions highlight the need for further studies to optimize waste glass utilization. This review identifies research gaps and provides recommendations for advancing the application of geopolymer concrete with waste glass as a sustainable material in modern construction.

Keywords

Geopolymer Concrete (GPC), Waste glass (WG), Fresh Properties, Mechanical Properties, Durability, Fly Ash (FA)

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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